Policy Statement on Students with Disabilities
As a Seminary community, we approach a policy such as this from both moral and legal bases. We desire to be a community of equal opportunity in learning and extracurricular activities for all our students. We choose to begin our policy statement with the following quote from the National Council of Churches (NCC) which articulates the motivation toward equality within the lives of followers of Christ.
“Indeed, the body does not consist of one member but of many.” (1 Corinthians 12:14)
One in five Americans lives with impairment that significantly limits one or more major life activities. Virtually everyone will live with a disability at some time in life. Concepts of justice for people with disabilities have evolved beyond paternalism toward the ideals of full participation and inclusion in all aspects of life. Disability rights and self-advocacy movements have emerged. At the national level, landmark laws such as the Rehabilitation Act, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), and the Americans with Disabilities Act seek to assure the same rights to people with disabilities that are guaranteed to all other people in our society.
The religious community also has taken a number of initiatives. Beginning in 1958 and as recently as 1995, the NCC has affirmed its belief in the dignity and worth of all people, including those of us with disabilities. Most NCC member communions have issued statements calling for the full inclusion of people with disabilities in all aspects of church life. In spite of these efforts, attitudinal, communication, and architectural barriers remain. The church has served as a point of entry for many marginalized individuals into the mainstream of society. Now the time has come for the NCC to reaffirm and broaden its commitment to people with disabilities.
This policy statement rests upon eight theological principles.
- All people are created in the image of God
- “Then God said, ‘Let us make humankind in our image . . .” (Genesis 1:26) God creates all human beings in the divine image or likeness. This image is not a measurable characteristic or set of characteristics. God’s image is reflected uniquely in each person.
- All people are called by God
- “For we are what (God) has made us, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand to be our way of life.” (Ephesians 2:10) God calls all human beings to express the divine image through their unique characteristics. Each person’s characteristics, including disabilities, are inseparable and valuable features of the unique, indivisible person.
- All people have special gifts
- “Now there are varieties of gifts but the same spirit. . .” (1 Corinthians 12:4) God supplies all human beings with the unique gifts needed to obey the divine call. All other people need the gifts God has given to each person, and no one is dispensable or unnecessary.
- All people are invited to participate in God’s ministry
- “To each is given the manifestation of the Spirit for the common good.” (1 Corinthians 12:7) God invites all human beings to rely on and participate in the ministry of the church.
God continually empowers each member of the Body of Christ to reflect the divine image in ways that will serve and benefit the church and the broader community.
Statement of Non-Discrimination
Bethany Theological Seminary does not discriminate on the basis of disability in the administration of the education programs and activities, including admission practices, and access to their programs and services. The purpose of this policy is to ensure that students with disabilities have maximal independence and full integration into campus life and shall be prepared for further education or employment. Bethany’s efforts to accommodate people with disabilities will be measured against the goal of full participation and integration. Services and programs to promote these benefits for people with disabilities shall complement and support, but not duplicate, the Seminary’s regular services and programs.
A person with a disability shall be ensured access as all others to programs, opportunities, and activities at the Seminary. Information concerning the provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Section 504 (hereafter referred to as the Acts), the rights provided there under, and specific policies regarding non-discrimination of students with disabilities are available from the Director of Student Development at the Seminary.
Definitions of Disability
The standard definition of a person with a disability is any person who has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of such an individual, or any person who has a record of such an impairment or who is regarded to have such an impairment. Disabilities fall into several broad categories such as learning, physical, mental and health impairments.
- Learning disabilities: Capable students are sometimes found to lack the cognitive tools necessary to read, listen, speak, write, or calculate on a level comparable to their intelligence. To be legally recognized and supported within the Seminary as a “disabled” student, this student needs to provide documentation of diagnosis and methods of testing administered by either an education specialist, a psychologist, or other qualified examiner.
- Mental disorders disability: Common mental health diagnoses affecting students are: depression, bipolar disorders (manic/depressive), anxiety disorders, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), panic disorders, and sleep disorders. Disorders less frequently seen in students are schizophrenia, and schizoaffective or character disorders. A single episode of a mental disorder does not constitute disability. The student needs to submit information regarding what medications and/or treatment s/he is receiving and any side effects attendant with medication usage.
In making a determination as to whether the student is disabled by his/her condition, the Seminary will consider all the circumstances associated with the condition and treatment and make an individualized determination as to the severity of the condition.
- Physical disabilities: Common chronic and debilitating physical conditions might include, but are not limited to examples such as blindness, poor vision, deafness, poor hearing, speech impairments, long term need for a wheelchair, AIDS, HIV positive, epilepsy or Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). To qualify as a disabled student, the disability must be diagnosed and documented by a medical doctor or other qualified examiner.
Confidentiality of Students with Disabilities
The Seminary is committed to protecting the privacy and dignity of all students. In compliance with the Acts, along with the Family Education Rights and Privacy Act, the Seminary agrees to request only such information that is deemed necessary to enable students or potential users of the facilities to appropriately access such facilities and services. Moreover, the Seminary will not disclose such information beyond that authorized by these laws.
The Seminary will maintain the confidentiality of a student’s medical and academic records. Among the reasons that the Seminary may disclose information about a student’s disability are the following:
- Faculty, staff, and other appropriate parties, including tutors, may be informed of a student’s disability for the purpose of facilitating essential aid and accommodations. Every attempt will be made to inform the student when confidential information has been passed on.
- First aid and safety personnel may be informed when necessary, if the student requires emergency treatment.
- Government officials investigating compliance with the Acts shall be provided with relevant information upon request.
- No representative of the Seminary may make public, to individuals or a group — such as a classroom of students — information regarding the disability of a student, except when the conveyance of such information meets the above-mentioned conditions or unless authorized to do so by the student.
Reasonable Accommodations
The Seminary is committed to provide a seminary education that prepares individuals with disabilities for ministry. The nexus of accommodating students’ disabilities lies in the faculty and student relationship. Instructors and advisors work together to provide accommodations appropriate for the student, while at the same time maintaining institutional standards so that all students receive a comparable graduate-level education.
Reasonable accommodations are those that help the student but do not cause undue hardship on the institution. Some examples of reasonable accommodations are:
- Extra time to complete tests and assignments may be granted.
- Students may be allowed to tape classroom lectures and discussions.
- Students may be allowed to photocopy another student’s class notes.
- Directions are given clearly and in both oral and written forms.
- Instructors are available for discussion and questions between class meetings. Example: posted “Office Hours.”
All requests for accommodations must be viewed in their proper context. In some cases, the Seminary would need to deny a requested accommodation because it would render the student not qualified to pursue his/her education.
Other accommodations may be denied based on cost, whereby the Seminary can afford equal access for lesser cost. In some cases, a requested accommodation would result in an undue burden, put the student or others at risk, result in a fundamental alteration of the program or be fundamentally unfair to the other students.
If a student wishes to challenge the denial of a particular accommodation, s/he may do so by filing a complaint with the Academic Dean who has been designated the Seminary’s complaint officer. The Academic Dean will review the complaint in accordance with our policy and procedures and promptly reach a resolution.
Students with an accommodation plan will abide by the Assignment Deadline Policy contained in the Student Handbook.
Implementation
General
- The Director of Student Development shall be designated to work with students who have disabilities. A system of services shall be developed and maintained to facilitate the provision of access for students with disabilities to all academic programs, services and activities. This system shall integrate students with disabilities into the academic environment to the maximum extent possible.
- All students defined within this process who qualify as disabled shall be entitled to reasonable accommodations and appropriate academic adjustments regardless of their status (full or part-time, class rank, or level).
- In-service training shall be provided to faculty and staff the purpose of which will be threefold:
- To heighten awareness of existing barriers
- To promote accurate perceptions of students with disabilities regarding their abilities, needs, and rights; and of the institution’s accessibility; and
- To offer tools and ways to enhance accessibility.
- A complaint policy is maintained by the Seminary. The procedure shall incorporate due process and provide prompt and equitable resolutions to complaints regarding the denial of services, adjustments, or accommodations.
- All programs, services, activities, and physical structures shall be evaluated on a regular basis to ensure that existing barriers are ultimately removed or other forms of accommodation are made and that new barriers are not erected.
Student Responsibilities
In order to secure the needed accommodations the student must inform the school of his or her disability. This “self-disclosure” must follow the procedures outlined below.
Long-Term Disability
Students with long-term disabilities who seek accommodations must provide the Seminaries with professional documentation, certified by any of the following licensed practitioners: physician, psychologist, audiologist, speech pathologist, rehabilitation counselor, physical therapist, occupational therapist, learning disability specialist, or any other health care provider who is qualified to diagnose the disability in question. The documentation must be based on tests that are normed to the adult level and provide the information that is needed to pinpoint substantial limitations. The student must bear the cost of evaluation and verification.
Documentation of a learning disability should include the following: 1) documentation prepared by a qualified professional; 2) testing procedures and instruments used to diagnose the student’s present level of functioning in the achievement areas affected by the disability.
The data provided should clearly indicate the need for accommodations and a list of specific accommodations that will aid the student.
Temporary Condition
Although the Acts do not extend legal coverage to temporary impairments, conditions or injuries, within our limited resources, the Seminary seeks to work with any student who has some kind of physical, mental or health limitation posed by an occurrence in his/her life. The guidelines for verifying a temporary condition are generally the same as those for verifying a long-term disability, however, documentation for a temporary condition must be no older than 60 days and should indicate the nature and expected duration of the condition.
Documentation Processing
All documentation should be delivered to the Director of Student Development of the school in which the student is enrolled. The student must include a signed “Release of Information Statement,” allowing the Seminary to inform key personnel (see confidentiality section for more detail) of relevant information regarding the student. The Director of Student Development has “Release of Information” forms available. The Seminary reserves the right to request further documentation if that provided by the student is deemed inadequate. The student shall bear the cost of supplemental evaluations and documentation. If the Seminary wish to secure a second opinion regarding the disability of a student, then the Seminary shall bear the cost.
- Schedule a meeting with the Director of Student Development and complete an academic accommodations plan, designed and established by the student and the Director of Student Development.
- Contact his or her instructors and provide a copy of the academic accommodations plan after the documentation has been submitted. Ideally this process will take place after admission and before the end of the first drop/add period that applies to the course(s) for the student’s first session of studies. However, there will be instances where the student is both taking courses and getting documentation of the disability. In these cases the student must inform his/her instructors as early in the session as possible in order to secure timely accommodations.
- Work in cooperation with the Director of Student Development, advisor and the instructors in implementing the academic accommodations plan.
- Any grievance involving questions around disabilities and instructional accommodations should first be addressed between student and instructor. If this does not work then the complaint policy should be followed.
Admissions Office/Educational Policies & Advisory Committee Responsibilities
No representative of the Seminary may ask a candidate if he or she has a disability; nonetheless, the admissions offices should do three sets of things with diligence and sensitivity:
- Make information about the Seminary’s disability services and procedures readily available to all prospective students
- Introduce newly matriculated students with disabilities to the Director of Student Development
- Facilitate comfortable and expedient self-disclosure on the part of students with disabilities.
The following guidelines are suggested:
- Encourage students with disabilities to contact the Director of Student Development as early as possible to better ensure that they receive appropriate accommodations in a timely manner.
- Be familiar with the contents of this policy and procedure document, and make this document available to students upon request.
- Convey any relevant information to the Director of Student Development.
Faculty Responsibilities
Faculty members shall do their part to ensure that students with disabilities receive the accommodations they need, as determined by the student’s academic accommodations plan. Faculty should keep the following guidelines in mind:
- Include in the course syllabus a statement indicating that disability services are available to students who qualify for such services.
- The statement should include the name, extension number, and email address of the Director of Student Development.
- If a recommended accommodation does not seem appropriate to the faculty member, s/he may choose to discuss his/her concerns with the student.
- If the student and the faculty member are unable to resolve the matter to their mutual satisfaction, the student is directed to notify the Director of Student Development, who will investigate the matter and attempt to informally resolve the disagreement between the student and the faculty member.
- The student may also choose to file a formal complaint.
- Work in cooperation with the student and the Director of Student Development in implementing the recommended accommodations plan.